Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary · 1913

Shorten

Shorten , transitive verb

[See Short, a.]

1.
To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.
2.
To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of food, etc.
Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. — Dryden
3.
To make deficient (as to); to deprive; -- with of.
Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears. — Dryden
4.
To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like.
Collocations (2)
To shorten a rope (Nautical) , to take in the slack of it.
To shorten sail (Nautical) , to reduce sail by taking it in.

Shorten , intransitive verb

To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by cold.